Matsayin bincike da aikace-aikacen gyaran robobi na injiniyan PBT

PBT wani nau'in polyester ne mai cikakken tsari na kristal wanda aka yi daga terephthalic acid (PTA) ko dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) da 1,4-butanediol (BDO) ta hanyar haɗakar polycondensation, tare da kyawawan halayen injiniya, tsarin kwayoyin halittarsa ​​mai daidaituwa zai iya yin haɗuwa kusa, tare da babban lu'ulu'u, ana iya yin shi cikin sauri a ƙananan zafin jiki. Tare da kyawawan halayen injiniya, tsarin kwayoyin halittarsa ​​mai daidaituwa don cimma haɗuwa kusa, tare da babban lu'ulu'u, a ƙananan zafin jiki za a iya yin lu'ulu'u cikin sauri. Sarrafa sassan PBT yana da sauƙin gudana kuma lokacin zagayowar ƙira yana da gajere, yana iya rage farashin samarwa, kuma PBT yana da juriya ga danshi, juriya ga abrasion, juriya ga mai da sauran fa'idodi, creep shima ƙarami ne.

Tunda PBT ya ƙunshi sassan lu'ulu'u da waɗanda ba lu'ulu'u ba, yana da sauƙin gyara shi ta hanyar ƙara wasu abubuwa. Duk da haka, PBT kuma yana da sauƙin ƙonewa, da kuma hulɗar sanyi da ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta, halayen dielectric na rashin isasshen sassan sirara masu fuskantar karkacewa da sauran lahani, wanda ke iyakance iyakokin aikace-aikacensa. Domin rama rashin aikin tsarkakewar resin PBT, resin PBT ya kasance bincike na gyare-gyare.

1. Injin fitar da robobi na PBT na injiniyanci, yanayin da ake ciki na binciken gyare-gyare

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kamfanonin da abin ya shafa sun haɓaka nau'ikan aikace-aikacen sabbin fasahohi da sabbin kayayyaki, robobi na injiniyan PBT zuwa ga babban aiki, aiki, da kuma alkibla daban-daban. Don buƙatun fannin masana'antu, ta hanyar gyare-gyare don haɓaka aikin PBT, wanda kasuwa ta fi so. A halin yanzu, gyaran copolymerization, gyaran cika kayan da ba na halitta ba, fasahar nanocomposite, gyaran haɗaka da sauran hanyoyi galibi ana amfani da su a gida da waje don inganta cikakken aikin PBT. Binciken kan gyaran kayan PBT ya fi mayar da hankali kan ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, jinkirin harshen wuta mai yawa, ƙarancin warpage, ƙarancin ruwan sama, ƙarancin dielectric da sauransu.

Mechanical Properties

Ƙarfin juriyar resin PBT mai tsabta, ƙarfin lanƙwasa da kuma ƙarfin lanƙwasa suna da ƙasa, a fannin masana'antu ba za a iya amfani da su sosai ba, ana buƙatar gyara su don inganta halayen injiniya. Fiber ɗin gilashi yana da fa'idodin amfani mai ƙarfi, sauƙin cikawa da ƙarancin farashi, da sauransu. Ƙara fiber ɗin gilashi zuwa PBT yana ba da damar amfani da asalin resin PBT, kuma an inganta ƙarfin lanƙwasa, ƙarfin lanƙwasa da ƙarfin tasirin da aka yi amfani da shi na samfuran PBT sosai.

Baya ga zare na gilashi, ana iya gabatar da wasu zare don inganta halayen injiniya na PBT. Zeng Deming da abokan aikinsa sun yi amfani da basalt na gajere don haɓaka resin PBT, bayan aikin wakilin haɗin gwiwa na basalt zai iya dacewa da PBT, yana haɓaka halayen injiniya na haɗakar PBT yadda ya kamata.

Kaddarorin masu kare wuta

Injin PBT mai tsabta mai ƙonewa a tsaye zai iya kaiwa matakin HB kawai, yana da sauƙin ƙonewa kuma yana ƙonewa akai-akai, harshen wuta yana da sauƙin yaɗuwa, aikace-aikacensa a cikin motoci, kayan lantarki da yadi da sauran fannoni yana da iyaka. Sau da yawa ana ƙara masu hana harshen wuta da masu hana harshen wuta waɗanda ba su da halogenated zuwa PBT don gyara masu hana harshen wuta. Masu hana harshen wuta da halogenated suna fitar da hayaki mai guba wanda ke ɗauke da hydrogen halide lokacin ƙonewa, wanda ke da illa ga lafiyar ɗan adam da muhallin muhalli, kuma an haramta wasu masu hana harshen wuta da halogenated a Tarayyar Turai. Gyaran PBT mai hana harshen wuta galibi yana amfani da masu hana harshen wuta da phosphorus da masu hana harshen wuta marasa tsari.

Lokacin amfani da gyaran hana harshen wuta mara kyau, ƙara yawan abun ciki zai haifar da raguwar halayen injiniya na kayan; amma mai hana harshen wuta na phosphorus ba shi da wannan lahani, kuma yana da ƙarancin hayaki, ƙarancin guba, da kuma yawan halayen hana harshen wuta. Yawanci ana haɗa masu hana harshen wuta na phosphorus da mahaɗan da ke ɗauke da nitrogen don cimma ingantaccen tsarin hana harshen wuta. Masu hana harshen wuta na phosphorus a cikin tsarin konewa don samar da anhydride na phosphoric don yin carbonization na ƙonewa, layin carbon na iya rage isar da zafi, jinkirta ko hana samar da iskar gas mai ƙonewa, da kuma anhydride na phosphoric bayan zafi don samar da abu mai narkewa wanda ke rufe saman kayan mai ƙonewa, yana hana sakin iskar gas mai ƙonewa.

Nakasar warp

Zamewar kwayoyin halitta ta PBT abu ne mai sauƙi, mai sauƙin daidaitawa, lu'ulu'u, wanda ke haifar da raguwar kayan, yana haifar da sassan PBT, musamman manyan sassan siririn bango na nakasar warping. Ga PBT da aka ƙarfafa zaren gilashi, saboda ƙara zaren gilashi tare da anisotropy, wanda ke haifar da hanyoyi daban-daban a cikin gyaran allurar ƙimar raguwar kayan ya bambanta, yana ƙara lalacewar warping na sassan, ba wai kawai yana shafar ingancin saman samfuran filastik da aikin shigarwa ba, har ma yana shafar ƙarfin filastik.

Don karkatar da sassan PBT, ban da inganta siffar sassan, ƙirar mold da sigogin tsarin ƙera, ana iya kuma gyara su don rage lalacewar kayan PBT. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, lalacewar warpage na kayan PBT galibi ana inganta ta hanyar cikewar inorganic da haɗa zinare. Cikowar inorganic ya haɗa da cika inorganic guda ɗaya da cikawa tare da zare na gilashi, kuma kayan inorganic da ake amfani da su don cikawa galibi sun haɗa da talc, mica, wollastonite, beads na gilashi, kaolin, wiskers na calcium sulfate da sauransu.

Aikin ruwan sama

Ganin cewa ba za a iya mayar da martani ga kayan PBT gaba ɗaya ba yayin aikin samarwa, ana samar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta, oligomers, da sauransu, kuma samfuran da aka yi da kayan PBT marasa gyara suna haifar da ruwan sama a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi, wanda ke shafar ingancin sassan. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da kayan PBT a cikin na'urar rage zafi a cikin na'urar sanyaya iska a cikin na'urar sanyaya iska, kwarangwal ɗin na'urar sanyaya iska da kwarangwal ɗin sanyaya iska, da sauransu, saboda yanayin aiki na musamman, ruwan sama mai yawa na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin na'urar sanyaya iska (Freon, dichlorodifluorodichloromethane) wanda aka narkar a cikin bututun sanyaya iska yana da sauƙin toshe bututun sanyaya iska, don haka sanyayawar ta lalace.

PBT yana haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta na resin da kuma ƙaramin adadin ƙari da ke cikinsa. Amfani da zare na gilashi da resin mai yawan ɗanko, wanda aka cika da wani adadin mai shaye-shaye na iya rage yawan ruwan sama na PBT. A halin yanzu, babban nau'in shaye-shayen kayan da ba su da ruwa da kuma ƙara sinadarin toshewa, mai faɗaɗa sarka, 1,4 cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) da sauran hanyoyin sinadarai don gyaran ruwan sama na PBT.

Dielectric Properties

Kayan PBT a cikin da'irori masu haɗawa da kariyar lantarki da sauran fannoni na aikace-aikace, halayen dielectric na saurin watsa sigina, asarar sigina da sauransu suna taka muhimmiyar rawa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, halayen dielectric na kayan rufi don gabatar da ƙarin buƙatu masu tsauri, buƙatun dielectric na kayan resin rufi ba ya wuce 2.8. yayin da kaddarorin dielectric na kayan PBT tsarkakakku ba za su iya biyan buƙatun sadarwa ba, haɓaka ƙarancin dielectric condition, ƙarancin dielectric na kayan PBT yana da matuƙar mahimmanci.

A halin yanzu, halayen dielectric na PBT galibi ana gyara su ta hanyar cikewa da haɗa ƙananan copolymers masu dielectric, kuma abubuwan cikawa da ake amfani da su galibi sune foda polytetrafluoroethylene da beads na gilashi masu rami. Hakanan carbon nanotubes suna da wani tasiri mai kyau akan halayen dielectric na kayan PBT, amma ƙara yawan abun ciki na dielectric constant na kayan da asarar dielectric yana ƙaruwa.

Tare da saurin haɓaka motocin lantarki, buƙatun ƙarfin dielectric mai ƙarfi na kayan haɗin suna da girma, kodayake juriyar PBT mai kyau ne, mai sauƙin aiwatar da ƙirar sauri amma ƙarancin ƙarfin dielectric, ba za a iya cimma shi a cikin motocin lantarki don watsa babban ƙarfin lantarki ba. Ta hanyar ajin jagora ko cika yumbu akan halayen dielectric na PBT na gyare-gyare don inganta ƙarfin dielectric na kayan don tabbatar da amincin motocin lantarki.