Matsalolin Karin Nauyi da Maganin Cika Fuskar Ciki da Ya Kamata a Fahimce su a Fasahar Gyaran Roba

Fasahar gyaran filastik ta cimma wasu nasarori a fannin ilimi, fasaha da masana'antu, amma har yanzu akwai wasu matsaloli da aka gane, waɗanda ke takaita yaɗuwar fasahar gyaran filastik kuma suna sa ya zama da wahala a sami ƙarin fa'idodi na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki.

01.Matsalar "ƙarin nauyi"

Yawan ma'adanai marasa ƙarfe ya fi na resin roba girma, yawanci ya fi sau biyu ko uku girma, kuma wasu, kamar foda barite, sun fi na polyethylene ko polypropylene girma sau biyar. Yawan wasu abubuwan cika ma'adinai bai yi kama da sun yi girma a saman ba, amma za a iya cewa yawan yawan ba shi da girma. Idan aka warwatse shi cikin matrix na filastik a matsayin ƙwayar cuta guda ɗaya, ainihin yawansa zai bayyana. Kodayake abin cika ma'adinai yana maye gurbin filastik na tushe ɗaya-da-ɗaya ta hanyar nauyi, yana ɗaukar ƙaramin ɓangare kawai na girman filastik na tushe iri ɗaya.

Idan barbashi na ma'adinan suna da kusanci da resin matrix ba tare da ramuka ba, to wannan bambancin girma zai shafi kai tsaye adadin kayan filastik da kayan da aka auna ta yanki ko tsayi, kamar tsawon bututu da bayanan martaba ko yankin fata na wucin gadi; kuma yana shafar kai tsaye adadinKayayyakin da aka ƙera ta hanyar alluraSaboda girman ramin mold don ƙera allurar an daidaita shi, idan narkewar ingancin iri ɗaya yana da girma daban-daban, adadin samfuran allurar da za a iya ƙera za su ragu. Sakamakon haka, yayin da amfani da abubuwan cikawa ke rage farashin kayayyaki kuma yana ƙara fa'idodin tattalin arziki, akwai mummunan tasirin raguwar tsayi, yanki, da adadin kayayyaki.

Masu sarrafa filastik za su auna tasirin abubuwa masu kyau da marasa kyau don tantance ko akwai buƙatar cikawa. Ya kamata a nuna cewa wasu samfuran filastik ba sa jin tasirin ƙaruwar nauyi da cikawa ke haifarwa, har ma suna buƙatar ƙara yawan kayan filastik, kamar su na'urorin nutsewa na filastik don kiwon kifaye na ruwa, harsashin lasifika (ingantaccen inganci da ingantaccen tasirin sauti) da wasu tushen kayan aiki, da sauransu. Akwai kuma wasu lokuta inda tsayi ko yankin samfurin ba ya jin tasirin cikawa, wato, a cikin kayan filastik na ƙarshe da samfurin, tsayi da yankin da aka samu ta hanyar ingancin abu ɗaya ba sa canzawa sosai, kamar zaren polypropylene mai faɗi ɗaya, tef ɗin marufi, fim ɗin tsagewa da fim ɗin polyethylene da aka busa, akwati mai rami, da sauransu.

Wannan ya faru ne musamman saboda yayin sarrafa waɗannan samfuran filastik, filastik ɗin matrix yana shimfiɗa ko busawa, kuma ramuka suna bayyana tsakanin ƙwayoyin, da kuma tsakanin ƙwayoyin macromolecules da ƙwayoyin cikawa, don haka yawan kayan cikawa bai ƙaru sosai ba, kuma mafi mahimmanci. Aikin wannan tsarin cikawa shine har yanzu zai iya biyan buƙatun amfani, wanda ke nuna fa'idar amfani da abubuwan cikawa don rage farashi.

02.Matsalar maganin saman cikawa

Ana amfani da kayan foda marasa tsari a matsayin abubuwan cikawa ga robobi. A mafi yawan lokuta, ya kamata a canza saman barbashi ta hanyar halitta, wato, daga hydrophilicity zuwa lipophilicity, wanda galibi ake kira "activation". Tun daga shekarun 1980, an yi amfani da sinadaran haɗin gwiwa kamar stearic acid, titanate, aluminate, phosphate, da silane a matsayin magungunan gyaran saman don kayan foda marasa tsari, kuma sun sami sakamako mai mahimmanci.

Effect

Duk da haka, tare da zurfin binciken da wasu ƙwararru da masana suka yi da kuma sabbin ka'idoji ko hanyoyin da aka bi, mutane sun fahimci cewa fasahar maganin saman barbashi masu cikewa da tasirin magani ba ta bayyana ba. Farfesa Yu Jian daga Jami'ar Tsinghua ya gabatar da hanyoyi da ƙa'idodi na asali don raba hanyoyin haɗin microphase daban-daban a cikin tsarin haɗin foda na polymer/inorganic ta hanyar amfani da hulɗar tsakanin abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin abu. Hanyoyi masu inganci don tsarawa da daidaita, wanda ke haifar da tsalle a cikin halayen juriyar tasiri na tsarin CaCO3/HDPE ko CaCO3/PP.

Farfesa Zhang Wengong na Jami'ar Fujian Normal ya gabatar da ƙa'ida, matakan aiwatarwa da bincike kan gyaran sinadarai na in-situ na saman foda mara tsari (wanda ake kira CCM/NPS-IS) bisa ga shekaru da aka yi ana bincike da taƙaita ka'idar da kuma aikin gyaran foda mara tsari a gida da waje. Abin da aka yi da babban abun ciki, da sauransu, ana ɗaukar cewa wannan shine ƙarni na uku na fasahar gyaran foda mara tsari bayan gyaran wakili mai haɗawa.

Ma'aikatan kimiyya da fasaha na Shanghai Zhehua Chemical Materials Co., Ltd., Shanghai Xinxing New Materials Co., Ltd. da Baoji Yunpeng Plastic Technology Co., Ltd. suma sun yi tasiri kan ƙa'ida da fasahar maganin saman foda mara tsari, kuma sun cimma nasarori masu ƙarfafa gwiwa. Waɗannan sabbin ra'ayoyi da hanyoyin suna ƙalubalantar fasahar maganin saman gargajiya tare da wakili mai haɗawa a matsayin babban tushe, kuma ilimin kimiyya da fasahar maganin saman foda na fuskantar babban ci gaba.