Cikakken Bayani game da Kayan Aikin EVA Kumfa#EVA#Extrusion

Bari mu fara da gabatar da halayen zahiri na EVA:

Manuniyar aikin jiki naEvagabaɗaya sun haɗa da waɗannan: tauri, takamaiman nauyi, tsayi, ƙarfin tensile, ƙarfin tsagewa, saitin matsi, da kuma sassauci.
Taurin kai, kowa ya fahimci wannan. Ana auna matakin laushi da taurin samfurin ta hanyar taurin Shore. Ana iya amfani da kumfa na EVA daga sama da digiri 10 zuwa sama da digiri 80.
Takamaiman nauyi shine yawan nauyi. Mutane da yawa za su iya samun hanyar auna wannan ta amfani da kayan aiki masu sauƙi. Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da ma'aunin nauyi na musamman na kwamfuta idan yanayi ya ba da dama. Mafi ƙarancin nauyin nauyi na samfuran da na yi yana kama da kusan 0.05 (g/cm3).
Tsawaita, wato tsawaitawa a lokacin da ya karye. Yi samfurin kumfa na EVA zuwa wani takamaiman tsari, misali, 60*10*5mm, sannan a yi amfani da injin gwada taurin kai don ja shi a daidai gudun da ya dace, sannan a raba tsawon lokacin da ya karye da tsawon asali.
Ƙarfin tauri, a taƙaice, shine nauyin da ake ɗauka a lokacin karyewar. Ana auna shi a lokaci guda tare da tsawaitawa. Ƙarfin yagewa, wannan yana da matuƙar wahala a gare ni in bayyana. Yana da kyau a yi ƙaramin buɗewa ga takardar EVA, sannan a gyara ɓangarorin biyu na buɗewar zuwa filogi biyu na injin gwajin tauri, sannan a bar shi ya ja daga baya. Nauyin da aka yi amfani da shi shine ƙarfin yagewa.
Nakasar matsi ta dindindin, wasu mutane suna kiranta nakasar matsi, wanda galibi ake kira matsi. A zahiri, karkacewar matsi shine sunan kayan aikin da ake amfani da shi don gwada nakasar matsi ta dindindin. Ana yin EVA a cikin takamaiman faifai kuma a sanya shi a cikin ɗakin matsi, an daidaita shi zuwa sigogin da ake buƙata, sannan a sanya shi a cikin injin tsufa na tsawon awanni da yawa. A ƙarshe, cire shi kuma a gwada kauri na diski. Ana matse ƙimar da aka ƙididdige ta hanyar ma'auni da yawa.
Juyawar jiki, wannan kawai suna ne da ba a iya fahimta ba. Kiran wannan juriyar da alama bai cika ba. Idan kana son magana game da hoton, za ka iya kiransa Q (QQ alewa). Wasu samfuran suna da suna na ƙwararru, wanda ke raba sassauci zuwa sassa biyu: matashin kai da tunani. Waɗannan kalmomi biyu ya kamata su kasance masu sauƙin fahimta. Ba zan yi bayani dalla-dalla ba.
Bayan an daina amfani da ƙaramin kumfa granulation na dogon lokaci, girman zai ƙaru. Babu wata hanya mai kyau ta magance wannan. Ya dogara da shirye-shiryen da suka dace a samarwa. Gabaɗaya, kayan suna da kyau, kuma bai kamata a ajiye su fiye da mako guda ba, kuma dole ne a yi amfani da waɗanda ba su da kyau a cikin kwana uku, don kada a ƙara girman. Idan an wuce lokacin da aka ƙayyade, za a iya mayar da shi cikin tanda don sake yin granulation, kuma zai yi kyau a ƙara DCP yadda ya kamata.
Ga ƙananan kumfa, akwai ramuka a wasu wurare masu kauri, waɗanda ba a dafa su ba. Daga yanayin, ana iya tsawaita lokacin kumfa yadda ya kamata, ko kuma a ƙara zafin mold, ko kuma a ƙara matsin lamba na injin; daga dabarar, ana iya ƙara shi yadda ya kamata. Adadin DCP, ko ƙara wakili mai taimako na gadoji.

Tsarin kumfa na EVA gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi waɗannan kayan: manyan sinadarai, abubuwan cikawa, abubuwan kumfa, abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, abubuwan haɓaka kumfa, da man shafawa.

Babban kayan, a bayyane yake, shine EVA da/ko PE. Tabbas, domin inganta halayen kayan, ana iya ƙara wasu kayan yadda ya kamata, kamar roba, POE, da sauransu, har ma ana iya ƙara ƙaramin TPR don ƙarfafa wasu halaye na zahiri. Dangane da EVA, babban alamar shine abun ciki na VA, kuma matakinsa yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da kusan dukkan halayen samfuran kumfa na EVA. Tabbas, wasu kuma ana iya kumfa da PE kawai. Abin da babban kayan da za a yi amfani da shi ya dogara da buƙatun samfurin. Ana amfani da abubuwan cikawa, calcium carbonate ko foda talcum gabaɗaya a yanzu. Manufarsa ita ce rage farashi, ƙara taurin samfura, da sauransu, kuma yana iya taka rawa a cikin isar da zafi. Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da girman barbashi azaman ma'aunin inganci (ba shakka, abun cikin ruwa shima bangare ne), kamar raga 120, raga 400, da sauransu. A ƙa'ida, siririn ya fi kyau, ba shakka farashin zai fi girma. Matsakaicin adadin shine 40Phr (kashi na babban kayan) a cikin dabarar da na gani.
Ana amfani da sinadaran kumfa gabaɗaya don amfani da jerin sinadaran kumfa na AC, kamar AC-3000H, jerin sinadaran kumfa na AC sune sinadaran kumfa masu zafi sosai, kuma zafin ruɓewar ya fi digiri 220. Akwai kuma sinadaran kumfa masu ƙarancin zafi, kamar AD-300, waɗanda zafin ruɓewarsu ya kai digiri 140, da kuma sinadaran kumfa masu matsakaicin zafi. Saboda bambancin farashi ba shi da girma, kuma sinadarin busawa mai zafi yana da daidaito, don haka yanzu tsoffin masana'antun EVA da yawa sun koma ga sinadaran busawa masu zafi sosai, wasu kuma suna amfani da su tare. Adadin AC da ake amfani da shi ya dogara da takamaiman girmansa. A matsayinsa na wakilin gada, DCP shine mafi yawan amfani da shi a yanzu, kuma ana amfani da TAIC, PL400, da sauransu a baya. Rabin rayuwar DCP shine minti 1 a digiri 180, da minti 10 a digiri 130. Saboda haka, lokacin da ake murɗa kayan, ya kamata a kiyaye zafin jiki ƙasa da digiri 120 gwargwadon iko. Wasu samfuran suna da buƙatun ƙamshi, ana iya amfani da wani maganin haɗin gwiwa BIPB, wanda galibi ana amfani da shi tare da TAIC. Yawan DCP gabaɗaya shine 0.5-0.6 Phr a cikin kumfa mai faɗi da ƙananan kumfa a cikin mold, da kuma 0.8-1.0 Phr a cikin kumfa a cikin allura. Tabbas, akwai ƙarin abubuwa da ragi masu dacewa, kuma akwai amfani daban-daban.
Akwai nau'ikan na'urorin haɓaka kumfa guda biyu da ake amfani da su yanzu, wato foda na zinc oxide da foda na zinc stearate. A da, mun kuma yi amfani da waɗannan haɗin guda biyu, amma yanzu muna amfani da zinc oxide ne kawai. Nau'i ɗaya kuma zai iya cimma tasirin, kuma kwanciyar hankalin samfurin na iya zama mafi kyau. Zinc oxide na iya rage zafin ruɓewar AC zuwa kimanin digiri 160, wanda ya dace da samarwa. Mun amince cewa adadin zinc oxide gabaɗaya baya wuce 0.2Phr, kuma raguwar samfurin da yawa zai yi yawa. Tabbas, idan ya yi ƙasa da haka, saurin kumfa zai yi jinkiri sosai, don haka ya fi kyau kada a yi ƙasa da 1.0Phr.
Man shafawa, galibi stearic acid. A zahiri, ba shi da tasiri sosai, yana sa kayan bai manne da injin ba lokacin da ake yin aiki da shi. Ba shi da kyau a yi amfani da shi da yawa, domin yana iya rage gogayya tsakanin sassan kuma ya rage yawancin halayen jiki. Ana ba da shawarar 0.5Phr.

Ƙara kayan haɗi a cikin dabarar kumfa ta EVA

Sinadaran da za a iya ƙarawa a cikin dabarar EVA sun bambanta sosai. Bari mu yi magana game da wasu manyan abubuwa.

1. Rago
Sauran su ne wutsiyoyin da suka wuce gona da iri da kuma gefuna bayan an yi su. Duk an yi musu kumfa. Wannan irin abu yana kashe kuɗi sosai. Amfani da shi zai iya rage farashin samarwa sosai. Tabbas, zai kuma yi tasiri ga aikin jiki. Kusan duk wanda ke yin EVA yana amfani da wannan nau'in, don haka ba zan yi cikakken bayani ba.

2. Maganin hana kumburi
Ana buƙatar wasu samfura su sami aikin hana kumburi, kuma samfuran kumfa na EVA da kansu suna da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi, don haka ana buƙatar a ƙara wasu sinadarai masu hana kumburi a cikin dabarar. Gabaɗaya, maganin hana kumburi da ake amfani da shi a cikin EVA cakuda ne, kuma takamaiman abun da ke ciki na MS yana da rikitarwa sosai. Ba zan iya faɗi a sarari a yanzu ba, kuma yawan maganin shine 3%-5%.

3. Mai hana wuta
Kayayyakin kumfa na EVA da ake amfani da su a matsayin wasu kayan marufi na iya buƙatar su zama masu hana harshen wuta. Ana iya ƙara masu hana harshen wuta yadda ya kamata a cikin dabarar don cimma tasirin hana harshen wuta. Mg (OH) 2 da Al (OH) 3, waɗanda ake amfani da su a matsayin masu hana harshen wuta don robobi, suma suna da wasu tasirin akan samfuran kumfa na EVA, amma yawansu yana da girma, duk muna amfani da kashi 12%-20%, amma ga samfuran da ke da buƙatun hana harshen wuta mai yawa, suma ba sa aiki sosai. Akwai samfura a Japan tare da kyakkyawan tasirin hana harshen wuta, amma bai cika umarnin ROHS ba.

4. Maganin warkarwa cikin sauri
Tsarin kumfa na EVA yana ɗaukar lokaci. Idan kuna son ƙara yawan amfani da samfurin a kowace rana da kuma rage yawan amfani da makamashi, za ku iya ƙara mai dafa abinci cikin sauri don rage lokacin da ake buƙata don kumfa. Maganin da aka fi amfani da shi wajen magance kumfa a kasuwa yanzu shine TAIC, wanda ya kamata ya zama abin taimako don a daidaita shi. Ƙara adadin TAIC da ya dace hakika zai iya rage lokacin, amma tare da ƙarin sa, girman samfurin zai ragu daidai gwargwado, kuma tasirin rage lokaci ba shi da kyau sosai. Ban sani ba game da Fujian, amma akwai wurare da yawa a Guangdong waɗanda ke amfani da wani mai dafa abinci cikin sauri tare da ƙaramin adadin ƙari, kuma tasirin rage lokaci yana da yawa.

5. Mai launi
Galibi ana yin fenti da kayayyakin kumfa, don haka ana buƙatar a ƙara masu canza launi a cikin dabarar don daidaita launin. Ana iya yin fenti da kayan kumfa na EVA da toner, manne mai launi, kuma ba shakka ya fi kyau a yi amfani da masterbatch mai launi. Ba za a iya daidaita samfuran MS ta kwamfuta ba, wataƙila saboda launin yana canzawa sosai kafin da kuma bayan kumfa, kuma kwamfutar ba za ta iya daidaita shi ba.

Kumfa na EVA gabaɗaya yana da matakai uku

Babban kumfa a cikin faifan lebur na gargajiya, ƙaramin kumfa da allura a cikin mold.

1. Kumfa mai faɗi na gargajiya
Yanzu ƙananan masana'antu galibi suna amfani da wannan. Kudin injina da kayan aiki yana da ƙasa kaɗan. Wannan tsari yana samar da faranti, waɗanda daga baya ake yin su ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyi kamar su naushi da gefuna. Yanayin kumfa yana da ɗan gyara, zafin jiki shine 160-170, lokacin yana ƙayyade ta hanyar kauri na mold, gabaɗaya 90-110s/mm, kuma matsin lamba shine 150KG/cm2.

2. Ƙaramin kumfa a cikin mold
Ana amfani da wannan tsari galibi a cikin kayan takalma. Takalman wasanni suna yin kumfa na farko na tsakiyar tafin biyu. Ana yin granulated, a auna sannan a saka shi a cikin mold ɗin da aka buɗe, kuma siffar takalmin gabaɗaya tana samuwa bayan kumfa. Wahalar wannan tsari ita ce daidaiton mold da dabara, in ba haka ba yana da wuya a sarrafa girman da tauri a lokaci guda. Sau da yawa girman ya cancanta, amma tauri bai isa ba. Tauri ya isa kuma girman ya yi ƙanƙanta. Yanayin kumfa na wannan tsari yana da sassauƙa, ya danganta da siffar da tsarin samfurin, ba shakka, galibi saboda canjin lokaci. Zafin jiki bai bambanta sosai ba. Ba tare da ambaton yanayi mai wahala ba. Da yake magana game da tsakiyar tafin biyu, bari mu gabatar da molding na biyu a nan. Niƙa fatar tayin da aka riga aka yi kumfa, a matse shi cikin mold ɗin samfurin da aka gama, sannan a samar da samfurin ta matakai biyu na dumama da sanyaya. Zafin dumama ya fi dacewa a 125-135, matsin lamba shine 50KG/cm2, kuma ruwan yana sanyaya bayan dumama na wani lokaci. Cire shi shine tafin tsakiya na biyu. Girman ƙasan wannan nau'in matsewa yana da ƙarfi sosai, kuma halayen jiki sun fi kyau.

3. Allura
Fasahar allura ya kamata ta zama babbar hanya a nan gaba. Ana yin tsari don zama samfuri. Kawai dai daidaiton mold ya fi girma. Ka'idar tana kama da ƙera allura a masana'antar filastik. Kawai ƙera allurar shine a buɗe mold ɗin nan da nan, kuma zafin mold ɗin ya bambanta. Wato, allurar EVA ba komai ba ce illa daidaita zafin mold da lokacin buɗewa na ƙera allurar filastik. Da alama wani abokina daga Shanghai ya kira ni a karo na ƙarshe, kuma daga baya ya bar injin ƙera allurar sa ya yi amfani da shi don yin ƙafafun motar jarirai. Yawancin samfuran takalman wasanni da aka fi sani ana yin su ta wannan hanyar. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyi, ingancin ba shi da kyau.